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Tax & the 4 insurances

What leaves your paycheck, the year-end settlement, and the flat-rate option explained.

In short

  • Two deductions leave your paycheck: income tax and the 4 major insurances (pension, health, employment, accident). Together, roughly 9% of salary for a typical worker.
  • 연말정산 (year-end settlement) every Jan–Feb reconciles the tax you prepaid vs. what you owed — most foreign workers get a small refund (the "13th-month pay").
  • Foreigners can elect a flat 19% tax rate (20.9% with local surtax) instead of progressive brackets — but you lose all deductions. Usually only worth it for high earners.
  • Your employer handles most of this — but understanding it stops you from overpaying.

Korea's payroll system does most of the work for you — tax and insurance come out automatically, and your employer files your year-end settlement. But a few choices (flat rate vs progressive, which deductions to claim) can put real money back in your pocket.

What comes out of your paycheck

The 4 major insurances (4대보험) are split roughly 50/50 with your employer. Your employee share in 2026 is approximately:

InsuranceYour share (2026)
National Pension (국민연금)~4.75% of salary (capped)
Health Insurance (건강보험)~3.545% + Long-Term Care add-on
Employment Insurance (고용보험)~0.9%
Industrial Accident (산재보험)Employer pays 100%
Total employee share~9% of gross salary

On top of that, income tax is withheld monthly. So a typical worker's total deductions land near 9–10% of gross (insurances) plus income tax on top.

Pension can be refundable. Workers from many countries (via social-security agreements, and notably E-9 workers) can claim a lump-sum pension refund when they permanently leave Korea. Don't leave that money behind — ask the National Pension Service before departing.

Income tax: progressive vs flat

Korea's normal income tax is progressive: 6%–45% nationally, plus a 10% local surtax (so effective 6.6%–49.5%). But foreigners have a special option:

  • Flat 19% rate (≈20.9% with local surtax), available for up to 20 years from your first work date in Korea.
  • The catch: choosing it means you forfeit all deductions and credits (dependents, medical, education, card spending, housing, etc.).
  • When it helps: generally only high earners — roughly above ₩120–150M/year, where progressive rates would exceed 19%. Below that, progressive rates + deductions usually win.
Calculate both every year. You can pick the better option each year during year-end settlement — it's not locked in. Use the NTS Hometax calculator or ask your company's 경리 (accounting) team to run both. For most ordinary salaries, progressive-with-deductions is better.

연말정산: the year-end settlement

This is the big annual event, run by your employer in January–February. It's not a new tax bill — it reconciles what was already withheld from your monthly pay against what you actually owed. Overpaid → refund (arrives in your Feb/Mar paycheck, the "13th-month pay"); underpaid → you pay the difference.

Download your deduction summary

In January, log in to Hometax (hometax.go.kr) with your ARC + verification and use the 간소화 서비스 (Simplified Service) to auto-collect your medical, insurance, card, pension and other data — then "Download All at Once" as a PDF. No gathering paper receipts.

Add anything the system missed

Notably the monthly rent (월세) deduction — frequently missed by foreigners. Attach your lease contract if eligible. If electing the flat rate, submit the 단일세율 적용신청서.

Submit to HR by their deadline

Your HR/경리 team files on your behalf. They usually want documents by early-to-mid January.

Get your refund (or pay the small difference)

Reflected in your February or March salary.

Do you need to file separately?

If you're a regular employee and your 연말정산 was done correctly, you generally don't file a separate return — it's final for employment income. But you must file a 종합소득세 (comprehensive income tax) return by May 31 if you have extra income (freelance, rental, significant overseas income) or if you chose the flat rate via annual filing. Freelancers/self-employed do not do 연말정산 — they file in May instead.

Residency & the 5-year rule. You're a Korean tax resident if you have a home here or stay 183+ days. If you've been in Korea under 5 years (within any 10-year period), generally only Korean-source income is taxed; after 5 years, worldwide income may be taxable. Korea has tax treaties with 90+ countries to avoid double taxation.

Common questions

Should I pick the flat 19% rate?

Usually only if you earn high (roughly ₩120M+). Below that, progressive rates plus deductions typically give a lower bill. Calculate both each year before deciding.

What's the "13th-month pay"?

Nickname for the year-end settlement refund most workers get in February when they overpaid tax through the year.

Is there English help?

Yes — the NTS English helpline (126, or 1588-0560) and an English Hometax site with guides. Peak-season assistance centers have English-speaking staff (Apr–May).

Can I get my pension back when I leave?

Often yes — a lump-sum refund is available to nationals of many countries and to E-9 workers on permanent departure. Check with the National Pension Service before you go.

Sources: National Tax Service (nts.go.kr / hometax.go.kr), Income Tax Act, PwC Korea Tax Summaries 2026, National Pension Service. Rates and the 20-year flat-rate window per 2026 rules.

Last verified: July 2026. Rates, brackets and thresholds change yearly and depend on your situation — verify with NTS (126) or a licensed 세무사. General information, not tax advice.

Tax season questions?

Ask others which deductions they claimed and whether they used the flat rate — post in the community and tag it Jobs.

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